Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Xylitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol that is often derived from plants such as birch trees and corn cobs. It is also known by other names, including birch sugar and wood sugar. Chemically, xylitol is a pentitol, which means it has five carbon atoms and five hydroxyl groups, giving it the ability to attract and retain moisture.
The history of xylitol dates back to the late 19th century when it was first discovered by German and French chemists. However, it wasn’t until the mid-20th century that xylitol began to gain popularity, initially in the food industry as a sugar substitute. Its unique properties soon caught the attention of the cosmetic industry, leading to its incorporation into various skincare and personal care products.
Xylitol is typically produced through a process called hydrogenation, where xylose (a type of sugar) is converted into xylitol. This process involves the use of a catalyst and hydrogen gas to transform the sugar into a sugar alcohol. The result is a white, crystalline substance that is both water-soluble and stable, making it an ideal ingredient for a wide range of cosmetic applications.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Xylitol:
Xylitol is known for its anti-seborrheic properties, which means it can help control the production of sebum, the oily substance our skin produces. This can be particularly beneficial for those with oily or acne-prone skin, as it helps to reduce the greasy shine and prevent clogged pores that can lead to breakouts.
Another practical benefit of Xylitol is its deodorant function. This doesn’t mean it will replace your regular deodorant, but it can help neutralize odors. Xylitol can inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause unpleasant smells, making it a useful ingredient in products aimed at keeping you fresh throughout the day.
While primarily known for its use in food, Xylitol’s flavouring properties can also be found in cosmetic products. This is particularly relevant for items like lip balms and toothpaste, where a pleasant taste can enhance the user experience. Xylitol provides a sweet taste without the calories, making it a popular choice for these types of products.
Xylitol acts as a humectant, which means it helps to retain moisture in the skin. This is crucial for maintaining skin hydration, making it softer and more supple. By attracting water molecules, Xylitol helps to keep the skin moisturized, which is essential for a healthy and youthful appearance.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Xylitol is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics. It is non-toxic and has a low potential for causing allergic reactions. However, as with any ingredient, some individuals may experience side effects. The potential side effects of topical application of xylitol include:
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, data and research on the topical usage of xylitol during pregnancy are lacking. Therefore, it is advisable for pregnant or breastfeeding women to consult a healthcare professional for further advice before using products containing this ingredient.
Adverse reactions to xylitol are uncommon, but it is always prudent to perform a patch test before widespread usage to ensure there is no sensitivity or allergic reaction.
In terms of comedogenicity, xylitol has a rating of 0 on a scale of 0 to 5, meaning it is considered non-comedogenic. This makes it suitable for individuals prone to acne, blemishes, or breakouts, as it is unlikely to clog pores or exacerbate these conditions.
