Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Quaternium-84, also known by its more technical name, quaternary ammonium compounds, (oxiranylmethyl)dimethyl(mixed octadecenyl and hexadecyl and hexadecenyl), chlorides, is a synthetic ingredient commonly found in a variety of hair care products. This mouthful of a name can be broken down to understand its composition: it is a blend of quaternary ammonium compounds, which are known for their conditioning properties, combined with long-chain fatty alcohols derived from sources like octadecenyl, hexadecyl, and hexadecenyl groups.
The history of Quaternium-84 in cosmetics dates back to the mid-20th century when chemists began exploring the benefits of quaternary ammonium compounds in personal care products. These compounds were initially used for their antimicrobial properties but were soon discovered to have excellent conditioning and antistatic effects on hair. Over time, Quaternium-84 became a staple in hair conditioners, shampoos, and other hair care formulations due to its dual functionality.
The production of Quaternium-84 involves a chemical reaction where fatty alcohols are reacted with dimethylamine and epichlorohydrin, followed by a quaternization process with a chloride compound. This synthesis results in a stable, water-soluble ingredient that can be easily incorporated into various cosmetic formulations. The end product is a versatile ingredient that helps improve the texture and manageability of hair, making it a popular choice among formulators and consumers alike.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Quaternium-84:
One of the primary benefits of Quaternium-84 is its antistatic property. This means that it helps to reduce or eliminate the buildup of static electricity in your hair. If you’ve ever experienced the frustration of flyaway hairs or hair that sticks to your clothes, you’ll appreciate this benefit. By neutralizing static charges, Quaternium-84 helps to keep your hair smooth and manageable, making it easier to style and maintain throughout the day.
Quaternium-84 is also recognized for its hair conditioning capabilities. This ingredient works by coating the hair shaft, which helps to improve the texture and appearance of your hair. It can make your hair feel softer, look shinier, and be more resilient to damage. This conditioning effect is particularly beneficial for those with dry or damaged hair, as it helps to restore moisture and vitality, making your hair look healthier and more vibrant.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Quaternium-84 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products, but like any ingredient, it may cause adverse reactions in some individuals. Here are some potential side effects of topical application:
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, data and research on the topical usage of Quaternium-84 during pregnancy are lacking. Therefore, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Side effects and adverse reactions from Quaternium-84 are relatively uncommon. However, it is always recommended to perform a patch test before widespread usage to ensure that your skin does not react negatively to the ingredient.
Quaternium-84 has a comedogenic rating of 1, meaning it is unlikely to clog pores. This makes it a suitable option for individuals who are prone to acne, blemishes, or breakouts.
