Article last updated: October 15, 2024
Water is one of the most ubiquitous and essential ingredients in cosmetic formulations. Other names you might encounter include Deionized Water, Distilled Water, Micromatrix Fractile AN, Onsen-Sui in Japan, and Purified Water. Chemically, water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to a single oxygen atom, forming the familiar H2O molecule.
Historically, water has been a cornerstone in beauty and personal care routines for centuries. Ancient civilizations, from the Egyptians to the Romans, utilized water in their bathing rituals and early cosmetic concoctions. Its role in cosmetics has evolved significantly, especially with advancements in purification techniques that ensure its safety and efficacy in modern formulations.
The process of making water suitable for cosmetic use involves several purification steps. Deionized water is produced by removing mineral ions, such as sodium, calcium, iron, and copper, through ion-exchange processes. Distilled water is created by boiling water and then condensing the steam back into a liquid, effectively removing impurities and contaminants. Purified water undergoes rigorous filtration and purification processes to meet stringent quality standards, ensuring it is free from contaminants and suitable for use in sensitive skin care products.
In this section, we will delve into the officially recognized cosmetic benefits and uses of Water:
Water, particularly in its purified forms like Deionized Water or Distilled Water, is often used in oral care products to help prevent the formation of plaque. This means that when you use a mouthwash or toothpaste containing water, it helps to keep your teeth cleaner by reducing the buildup of plaque, which can lead to cavities and gum disease.
As a skin conditioning agent, water plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin’s hydration and overall health. When included in skincare products, it helps to keep your skin soft, smooth, and supple. This is because water acts as a medium to deliver other beneficial ingredients into the skin, ensuring they are absorbed effectively. So, when you apply a moisturizer or serum, the water content helps to enhance the product’s efficacy, leaving your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated.
In the realm of cosmetics, water is an excellent solvent. This means it is used to dissolve other ingredients, making it easier to create a uniform and stable product. For instance, in lotions, creams, and gels, water helps to blend various components together, ensuring that the product has a consistent texture and performance. This is why water is often the first ingredient listed on many cosmetic products, as it forms the base that holds everything else together.
Note: the listed benefits above are exclusively based on the officially recognized and defined functions of the ingredient, as documented by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).
Water, in its various forms such as Aqua (EU), Deionized Water, Distilled Water, Micromatrix Fractile AN, Onsen-Sui (JPN), and Purified Water, is generally considered safe for topical application in cosmetic products. It is widely used due to its solvent properties and its ability to condition the skin. However, there are some considerations to keep in mind:
Regarding individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, there is a lack of specific data or research on the topical usage of water in cosmetics during pregnancy. Therefore, it is advisable for pregnant or breastfeeding women to consult a healthcare professional for further advice.
Adverse reactions to water in cosmetics are generally rare. However, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before widespread usage to ensure there is no adverse reaction.
Water has a comedogenicity rating of 0, meaning it is non-comedogenic and does not clog pores. This makes it suitable for individuals prone to acne, blemishes, or breakouts.
